6AGs Testimonial
14.6.24.
At the General Meeting of May 29th a request was received from the 6AG
Testimonial Committee asking that it be donated towards expenses of the
Radio Dinner & Smoke social caused considerable discussion:
as no-one was present to give full particulars, it was moved that the
request not be acceded to (surely a "slap in the face" for Mr. Coxon,
who was present at the meeting, having just announced that "he had made
arrangements for the Committee of Affiliated Radio Societys to have the
use of 6WF for °hr each Friday, for the purpose of giving
instruction, Club reports, items of interest etc.) However, at the
following Council Meeting the decision was overturned, and the event
went ahead, on June 14th 1924
From "The Western Wireless" June 25th 1924. -
6AG's TESTIMONIAL.
A striking testimony to the popularity of Mr.W.E.Coxon (6AG) was
shown by the attendance at a banquet held at the Westralian Farmers,
on Saturday June 14th 1924.
An opportunity was taken of bidding farewell to Mr. Coxon, who has
progressed from out of the amateur ranks into
the professional sphere of the science, & at the same time
presenting him with a token to show the esteem
he wa held in by all ranks of amateurs. The presentations
to Mr.Coxon were utility ones, and took the form of a handsome chimney
cathedral clock, an electric kettle and radiator.
The clock had an inscribed silver tablet, setting forth then amateurs'
appreciation of Mr.Coxon's pioneer work in W.A with radio- telephony.
The whole evening was a series of grateful appreciations to Mr. Coxon
and he might well have felt proud when the huge gathering rose to its
feet to drink his health. All the prominent amateurs were in evidence,
& seen amongst the concourse were Mr. Basil Murray (of Westralian
Farmers) Mr.G.Scott (Radio Inspector) Mr.B.Holt
(President of the Wireless Institute-W.A.Division) Mr.C.Nossiter,
Mr.C.Thompson, (Editor, "The Western Wireless) Mr.E.Page and
Mr.G.Jackson
The evening sparkled with oratory, and Mr.Phipps, in a neat and
eloquent speech, made the presentation to "6AG." To learn that Mr.Coxon
had broadcasted some 3,800 items in 2 years, gave only a small idea of
the work & time Mr.Coxon had devoted to the amateur. Not only had
the amateur benefitted, but these transmissions had stimulated interest
in wireless , and the traders had also accrued benefit.
Mr.Scott, in a neat speech, extolled the amateur, and in reminiscences
reminded the audience that Mr.Coxon had started wireless way back as
far as 1912. He was often asked what constituted a genuine
experimenter, and on such occasions, he used only reply :
MR.COXON. (Applause)
Mr.Coxon, on rising to reply, was greeted with proilonged applause.
That he was
very much impressed by the tribute was very evident, and he very
feelingly responded :-
" Gentlemen, I cannot find words to express my appreciation for the
honour you have done me. Mr. Scott reminded me of my early days of
experimenting , when one used to use 250 watts, and was only successful
in sending about 2 miles. Of course, this was different in the present
day with the use of valves, and I well remember my early experimenting
with telephony, when you sent for an hour, then ran round to see how it
was being received. This was the beginning of the regular musical
evenings , and by the letters & telegrams I used to receive, I
thought the programmes were appreciated, and the amateur received a
great deal of enjoyment, and it brought me in closer touch , and
this not only made me more concerned, not so much with my own
experimenting, but that I was doing something of interest for the
amateurs in their experiments, and providing something that was
enjoyable and from then on the concerts became a regular Friday night
institution. I again express my sincere thanks to you all on
behalf of Mrs.Coxon and myself. I am at a loss for words on
this occasion, and I thank you all sincerely.
(Prolonged Applause)
Mr. Knapton spoke to the toast to the Westralian Farmers, and in a
vigorous speech, told the amateurs that we were indeed grateful to the
Westralian Farmers for taking the initiative in broadcasting, and the
plant, when finished, would be the largest broadcasting plant in
Australia, which was indeed a worthy Western Australian achievement.
Mr.Basil Murray, Managing Director, in responding, gave a frank
admission of the Company's attitude towards the experimenter, and
reminded them that they could want more re-assuring than that they had
given the chief position on the station to one of their own fellow
experimenters, Mr.Coxon. This was the Company's assurance of good
fellowship to the amateur, and he could not imagine Mr.Coxon being
unfaithful to the amateur interest.
(Applause)
The success of the evening was due in no small measure to the services
of the artists, and the evening's events were liberally besprinkled
with musical & vocal items, and the toast to the artists was
carried with musical honours.
The evening was voted a huge success on all sides, and everyone hopes
that it is only the forerunner of a yearly convention, when the
amateurs will be more closely linked by social friendship. There were
some 200 present, and it was close on "the wee sma' hours" before the
last amateur had wended homewards.
Social activities did not appear to feature in the activities of
members of the Institute, at least until January 1922, when a visit to
the Observatory (then opposite King's Park) "kindly conducted by Mr.
Nossiter."
It wasn't until February 28th 1924 that Mr. Nossiter moved that
"Council arrange, at a future date, to hold a social evening (Mr.
Coxon to be asked to supply the Radio Music portion)
To The Premier of W.A. Mr. R. O'Connor
From Vera Rodoreda (nee Coxon)
June 30th 1982.
Dear Sir,
With the publicity which the ABC is giving to the 50th Anniversary of
its opening broadcast in Western Australia, I feel that it is a
suitable occasion on which to remember and to provide some means of
perpetuating in a benefitting manner the name of the Father of Radio
Pioneers in this state, and indeed in Australia: Mr. Walter Ernest
COXON.
In early 1920, having established his experimental broadcasting and
receiving station
6AG at his home in Bulwer St. Highgate (not as reported in a newspaper,
in the back of his shop in King St. Perth) he made the first
overseas communication with South Africa, Java, Batavia, Holland,
England & America.
He kept abreast of the newest radio information from England &
America, and gave of his knowledge and experience to all those who were
interested or in need of advice, instruction, or with technical
problems: and there were many young "hams" in those days who, like
disciples, would gather in his wireless room of an evening, remaining
until the small hours.
Live concerts were broadcast from his home, the loungeroom being draped
with blankets to provide suitable studio accoustics.
He was then commissioned by the Westralian Farmers Co-operative to
design a suitable means of communication for the farmers of the
outback. This receiver he called the MULGAPHONE and supervised the
production of more than 4,000 of hese sets.
With equipment provided by Amalgamated Wireless of Australia, he
installed 6WF in 1924, & became Manager & Programme director.
In the next 8 years he had the loyal assistance of two Scottish radio
operators, Frank Elliott & Jock Sutherland, who had been Royal Navy
operators during the 1914-18 war.
Wally Coxon installed and maintained radio in some of thje earliest
planes at the Maylands aerodrome. He attached a device to the joystick
of Capt. James Woods' aircraft, and that of Sir Charles
Kingsford-Smith's Southern Cross to prevent them falling asleep during
long flights.
May I suggest that the Wireless Museum at Applecross be named "The
Walter Coxon Wireless Museum" in recognition of the many years of
service which he gave to the early development of radio in Australia,
and particularly in Western Australia.? Although the honour would be
posthumous, there are people still living who would endorse this method
of commemoration as being appropriate and deserving for the man who, at
the age of 16, built the first radio receiver and made the first
overseas communications from this state.
Yours faithfully . . . . .
From The premiers Dept.
9 July 1982.
Dear Mrs. Rodoreda,
The Hon. Premier has requested me to reply to your letter opf 30th June
concerning the early work undertaken in the field of radio by the late
Mr. W.E.Coxon.
Your suggestion that as a form of recognition the Wireless Museum at
Applecross be named after Mr. Coxon is acknowledged. However, I would
point out that the museum is administered by the Melville City Council,
and as such does not fall within the jurisdiction of either the
State or Commonwealth Govt.
I would suggest you write to the Town Clerk, City of Melville direct
and put your suggestion to him.
In the meantime, I have taken the liberty of forwarding a copy of your
letter on to the Chief Manager of the ABC who may be able to assist.
Yours sincerely. . . R.D.Davies Under
Secretary.
From City of Melville
July 26th 1982.
Dear Mrs. Rodoreda,
Thank you for your letter of July 22nd 1982 enquiring after the naming
of the Wireless Hill Telecommunications Museum and bringing to notice
the tremendous work carried out by your late Father, Mr.Coxon.
The Council, in fixing the name for the museum, did take into account
the many people that have been involved in the past history of
telecommunications in this state, and also those particular persons who
assisted in collecting the impediments for the museum, and
bringing about its creation. For these reasons the council avoided the
possibility of recognising one party against another, and declined to
name the museum in a personal sense.
The museum has been officially named The Wireless Hill
Telecommunications Museum: is now well known by that title and I
do trust that you will understand the basis of council's determination.
Thank you again for your interest.
The ABC also replied (26th July 1982)
Dear Mrs. Rodoreda,
The Undersec. Mr. R.Davies has provided us with copies of recent
correspondence he has had with you.
I know of Wally Coxon's contribution to radio, or wireless as it was
called in the early days, and we have paid tribute toi him from time to
time in anniversary programmes.
Our celebrations this year cover the period 1932-1982. Wally Coxon, as
you would know, left 6WF well befor the Australian Broadcasting
Commission took over responsibility for the station on 1 July 1932.
Yours sincerely
A.Povah
Acting Chief Manager for WA.
Sunday Times 22.8.82 1897-1982 85 years.
From "WESTERN FARMER & GRAZIER May 30th 1974.
Radio Pioneer recalls the good old days.
by Donna Carrig.
As a young boy in 1912, Charles Forster was so impressed by the
"TITANIC" radio operator's frantic attempts to bring aid to the
sinking ship that he took up a life-long interest in wireless
operating. He had even wanted to go to sea, he said, but his parents
disapproved. And so, after doing a Radio operators course at School, he
set up his own radio experimenting station (in 1923 he had the
"Callsign" 6CI? ) (
Vera adds: there was no such thing - my dad W.E.Coxon taught all those
who were interested - they all came to our home in Bulwer St.
(306) in North Perth
- Laurie Smith, Bill Phipps, Charlie Gardner, Fred Tregar (??
Tredrea?) Soon after, he met Walter Coxon, who then had a private
business in Perth, and the two used to conduct experimental broadcasts
between both amateur stations.
Coxon was a very nice person, Mr.Forster recalled. He was totally
committed to radio in Western Australia AND CONTINUED TO WORK WITH 6WF
EVEN AFTER IT WAS TAKEN OVER BY THE GOVERNMENT- CONTROLLED
AUSTRALIAN BROADCASTING COMMISSION. (from 1929 to 1932)
Mr. Forster was still a private experimenter when Westralian Farmers
decided it would be a distinct advantage to send out market reports by
wireless telephony and applied for a Broadcasting Licence.
At the time, few people knew anything about radio.
Word was spread throughout country areas by travellers &
representatives, with whom Mr. Forster began to travel, calling on
Co-ops & on interested farmers. He installed radio sets, and
remembered that it was often hard to erect lines where there were no
trees conveniently situated to throw a line over. In June 1924
the Radio Station 6WF at the Westralian Farmers' building in Wellington
St. was officially opened.
Quite a few people had sets already & Mr. Forster was kept busy
adjusting them, checking batteries and installing new sets where
possible. He also gave wireless demonstrations at public
functions, like shows and trotting meetings, and travelled extensively
throughout country areas.
Several agents & Co-ops had sets installed so they could get market
reports & demonstrate the sets to prospective buyers. The
introduction of the wireless radio into WA was a wonderful
thing, he said.
But a surprising number of people thought the idea ridiculous and
viewed the whole procedure with suspicion. "But few country
people at the time had telephones and were completely cut off from
information & news of the city & the outside world. "Some
owners held their radio sets in such awe they were too frightened to
even dust them in case they blew up valves " he said.
Consequently Mr. Forster was often called out to minor complaints. One
such set, he recalled, had become home to a family of mice,and with
disastrous results., since they had eaten away the insulation from the
wiring.
At that time, anyone wanting a radio set had to buy a license from
Westralian Farmers which covered service costs. And although sets were
expensive to begin with, as demand became greater costs & license
fees decreased. He thought young people today - who have always
had a radio - didnt realise radio in WA began in a very elementary
form.
"There were problems in tuning and adjusting sets, dealing with
low power, weak reception and the loudspeakers were of the "horn" type
and often sounded tinny."
When Mr. Forster first became involved in his own experimenting, he had
difficulty in finding anyone to help him put up aerials. They thought
he was mad & wanterd nothing to do with it.
There was even a half-joking comment in the local paper warning that if
he could pick up places like Kalgoorlie & Geraldton. his neighbours
had better beware that he could possibly overhear what they were saying.
Wireless radio has proved to be a godsend to country people in isolated
areas & Radio 6WF was recognised as a great service to the
community when no-one else had been interested. In fact, Westralian
Farmers had lost money on the project . When conditions during the late
1920s made it too difficult for it to carry on, it was a natural step
to hand over control of the station to the ABC which was planning to
expand into WA anyway
The beginnings of radio in WA had been a thrilling experience
especially for young Charles Forster who found working with 5 kilowatts
was fascinating progress after being used to only 5 watts. Transmission
over a long distance was good, although this, he admitted, was often
due to freak conditions, and on some nights the reception had varied
widely. "Because static was always a problem in the early stages of
transmission from Perth, programmes were limited to certain
hours, and it was often easier to pick up an Eastern States programme
than a local one.
There was plenty of good local talent to choose from, thouh the
enthusiasm of some often led to transmission difficulties.
There was one particular soprano, he said, who almost turned the
radio operators hair grey. He always had to anticipate her high notes,
and furiously work the dials to cut down amplification, since the high
note would upset oscillation & send the st completely off the air.
After 6WF was taken over by the ABC Mr. Forster went into private
business selling & servicing sets throughout the wheatbelt.
Mr. Forster - "IN THE BEGINNING THEY THOUGHT I WAS CRAZY, ALWAYS
FIDDLING WITH THE WIRELESS. BUT LOOKING BACK ON THE PROGRESS RADIO HAS
MADE, YOU WONDER WHAT WILL BE HAPPENING 20 YEARS FROM NOW'
Western Farmer & Grazier May 30th 1974.
Wireless pioneering. 29.11.73.
? "West" or Sunday Times -( Check.)
R.Edwards (Opinion Nov.14th) gave a very interesting account of the
early history of wireless here, and revived many memories for me.
My first valve was a V24 which I purchased from Amalgamated Wireless of
Sydney at a cost of $4 - a lot of money in those days.
It was posted over, but a high-tension battery ordered with it was
given to a ship operator to be sent by rail from Fremantle to Korbel,
where I lived then, because it was too heavy for parcel post.
My only source of low tension power was a very heavy battery in my
Dodge car when I wanted to listen-in tot the wild wireless waves of
those days.
Fortunately the car was equipped with a magneto and provided I did not
use the car at night, or object to cranking, I could keep the battery
in the house for days at a time.
Later, I became associated with Westralian Farmers Ltd. when the late
John Thomson then manager of the wheat department, had the idea of
providing farmers and country people with an essential service for
market & weather reports.
The late Wally Coxon who did so much in the pioneering of wireless in
the west , became manager & chief engineer of 6WF when it was
erected in 1924 by Amalgamated Wireless Ltd.
The Mulgaphone receivers were manufactured by Westralian Farmers under
the supervision of the late Bill Phipps.
Originally they were 2 valve sets equipped with headphones but later a
2 valve amplifier could be added with horn-type speaker.
My own work with Westfarmers was to instruct travellers in the
operation of the sets, to make sales & install sets ready for 6WF's
opening in June 1924.
Later I gave demonstrations at shows, and other functions throughout
the country, and serviced the sets when neccessary.
I had many humerous experiences in doing so, because people regarded
wireless with more awe than they do space flights today.
J.C.Forster,
Scarborough.
"West Australian"
Friday June 6th 1924.
"West Australian"
Saturday June 1 1974.
On the front page of "The Western Wireless" Vol.1, No.4 (November 21st
1923)
is a Photograph entitled
AN AMATEUR SET.
A corner of the Operating Room at Korbel Radio Central.
- Was this the station of Mr. Forster?
And in the same edition (Page 7) is a contribution by "Knobtwister"
entitled:
BROADCASTING AND THE AMATEUR.
Broadcasting is here, or rather, nearly here. In a few months the
Westralian Farmers will lead the way by commencing a service which we
hope will be of great use to the people out back, and to the whole
State generally.
Strictly speaking, broadcasting should not interfere with the amateur,
nor the amateur with broadcasting: but alas, I am afraid this position
will not be so smooth as it may seem. How can the amateur (in spite of
his 100% negative answers to the controller) be expected to let a 5KW
concert pass his back door, and when he comes upon the broadcast
wavelength conscientiously give his condenser a sharp twist to avoid
hearing anything? The Broadcastingcompany knows this and feels as
though people will be looking over the fence at their show.
I am sure the genuine experimenter will not mind paying a small fee for
their service, and will in return form one of their best advertisements
by allowing his friends to hear broadcasted programmes and thus
materially assist the sale of their sets.
Still, there is another fly in the ointment, and that is the royalties
the Amalgamated Wireless "intend" (as your journal so neatly puts
it!) to collect.
They have already tried unsuccessfully to impose a 5s. royalty on
amateur sets, and they are very much mistaken (in my case at least) if
they think they are going to collect 12/6d per socket for the use of
valves.
It seems as though this company practically framed the broadcasting
regulations and then dropped back to let other companies do the
broadcasting from which they hope to collect fat royalties.
The Sunday Times Magazine
April 11th 1982.
MULGAPHONES READY?
LISTEN TO ABC.
On July 1st 1932, people sat expectantly in their living rooms, in front
of 2-valve loudspeakers, and with Mulgaphones - earphones - around
their heads. They were waiting for the words & music which
would launch Australia's first National Radio Station.
first sounds crackling over the airways in every capital city are a
reason for celebration this year - The Australian Broadcasting
Commission's Golden Anniversary.
In Perth, from a studio at the corner of Milligan & Hay Sts the
first programme began on 6WF at 6pm.
The opening programme was relayed nationally. The Chairman of the ABC
Mr. Charles Lloyd Jones spoke glowingly of the new service & its
independance from all political groups, and the Prime Minister, Mr.
J.A.Lyons, saw the nation being united by the spoken word.
Twelve minutes later the first programme with local content was
broadcast - Childrens Corner, with Uncle Ben, Aunty Peggy & the
Tiny Tots. The first personality to emerge on radio was racing expert
Keith Gollan, who gave what was called "Saturdays Racing &
Trotting Anticipations" The News followed, but only the headlines
and relavent paragraphs, cut from Newspapers & pasted up for the
announcer. The ABCs independent
News service came much later, bitterly opposed by some Newspapers.
The rest of the evening was taken up with music. There was no jazz, pop
or even dance music even . . . .
?another page.
(From same page as above)
Mawson was only 25 when he ventured to the Antarctic as a member of the
Shackleton Expedition of 1907-9 and was involved in 2 historic
making(Yes, thats right- according to the article!!) events on
that trip. He was a member of a 3 man Australian Party which was the
first to reach the South Magnetic Pole, and was in a a Party that made
the first ascent of the 3795 metre active volcano, Mt. Erebus.
His appetite for Antarctica was so keen that he organised an Australian
expedition to explore the area directly south of Australia, after the
Shackleton trip.
Under the banner of the Australasian Antarctic Expedition of 1911 - 14,
the Mawson-led party established bases at Commonwealth Bay, the
Shackleton Ice Shelf and on Macquarie Island. The expedition
mapped more than 1000km of new coastline and collected valuable
information. It was the first to transmit Radio messages from
Antarctica and the first to take an aeroplane south - though it never
left the ground due to a mishap.. It had been intended to use the
plane as a tractor for hauling sledges, especially over
crevasses. The expedition was the youngest, and under the
youngest leader ever to adventure into the Antarctic. It turned
out to be a perilous trip for Mawson, who almost perished.
Mawsion's flirtation with the Antarctic (he spent six summers & 2
winters there) continued, and in 1929 he organised & led the
British , Australian, New Zealand Antarctic Research Expeditions. By
that time, Mawson had been knighted for his work with the
Australasian Antarctic Expedition. The combined expedition
had spent 2 summers (1929-30 & 1930-31) exploring and mapping
vast amounts of new territory south of Australia. During
it, British Soveriegnty was proclaimed at 7 localities along the
Antarctic coast. It lead to the establishment 2 years later
of The Australian Antarctic Territory. Soveriegnty came
into force on August 24th 1936.
Sir Douglas Mawson became an important member of the planning committee
when the Australian Government decided to establish The Australian
National Antarctic Research Expeditions in 1947.
From "The Western Wireless"
November 7th 1923 P.5.
THE DISCOVERY AND GROWTH OF
WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY.
(By Colin A.Reid Ph. Ch.)
Ask the average man who it was that invented wireless telegraphy, and
the reply would be prompt - Marconi.
This, to a great extent , is true: but it would be more correct to say
that it was Marconi who commercialised wireless.
It was many years before Marconi began to experiment that a Scottish
schoolmaster, one James Clerk Maxwell, a "crank on mathematics" carried
out several experiments in "induction and magnetism" , with the object
of calculating the length and frequency of ether waves.
He was subjected to a great deal of ridicule by the masses, but
persisted with his experiments, and ultimately laid what is now the
foundation of present-day wireless: but not before he had spent all his
money, for he died a pauper - unhonoured & unsung.
A young German named Hertz, having heard of Maxwell's experiments, and
concluding that there was "some method in his madness" became
interested. Possessing a mechanical knowledge - which Maxell
lacked - he set about and succeeded in constructing an apparatus
by which he demonstrated the existance of ether waves, and also
measured them up to a distance of 10 feet from the apparatus. Hertz was
complimented for this, and the demonstration was considered a
scientific curio amongst the scientists of the world.
It was not until some considerable time after this episode that Marconi
came into prominence. Being a practical engineer, he hit on the idea of
using Hertzian waves (so named after Hertz) for the transmission
of the dots & dashes of the Morse Code. Failures were numerous, but
nothing daunted this young Italian engineer, and he ultimately
succeeded in transmitting and receiving messages on a rather 'crude'
set, up to a distance of about 100yds later increasing the
distance to one mile, then two & so on.
It was at this stage that he placed his discovery before the Italian
Government, but they turned him down. More determined than ever,
Marconi set sail for England, where he eventually persuaded an
English scientist to finance him in placing the thing on the market.
The first big station was erected at POLDHU, Cornwall and the
corresponding one at Newfoundland, the object being for the purpose of
Trans-Atlantic Tests. These were highly successful, with the
result that since then wireless has advanced in leaps and bounds.
The coherer, which was first used by Marconi, was very soon superseded
by the crystal receiver: this in turn had to take second place to the
more modern & present-day Thermionic valve. As further evidence of
the progress being made in the science, the old Spark Transmitter is
being rapidly replaced by the Poulsen Arc, and Vaccuum valve continuous
wave transmitter of the present day.
So rapidly is the art of radio telegraphy & telegraphy advancing
that it is practically impossible to state when and where it will
all end, or what wonders we shall witness during the next decade.
It had already been noted (Western Wireless October 24th 1923)
that
Mr.Colin Reid, President of the Fremantle Rdio Society
, who recently gained his Ph.Ch.
degree has tripped off to Melbourne to continue his studies. The
genial Colin is after his M.B. May his ambition be fulfilled is the
wish of his many friends in the local wireless
world.